Philosophy & Logic Quiz

✅ Answer: Socrates

💡 Socrates was executed in 399 BCE after refusing to renounce his relentless method of questioning.

✅ Answer: Cogito, ergo sum

💡 Descartes established this statement in 1637 as a foundational truth that cannot be doubted.

✅ Answer: The Trolley Problem

💡 The Trolley Problem evaluates utilitarian versus deontological moral reasoning in emergency scenarios.

✅ Answer: Stoicism

💡 Founded by Zeno of Citium and practiced by Marcus Aurelius, Stoicism emphasizes inner tranquility.

✅ Answer: Categorical Imperative

💡 Kant insisted that moral duties are absolute and must be followed regardless of personal consequences.

✅ Answer: Ship of Theseus

💡 The Ship of Theseus raises fundamental questions of identity, persistence, and material substance over time.

✅ Answer: Friedrich Nietzsche

💡 Nietzsche used the phrase to describe the cultural decline of Christian moral consensus in modern secular society.

✅ Answer: Ad Hominem

💡 Ad Hominem (Latin for 'to the person') attempts to discredit an argument by discrediting the speaker.

✅ Answer: The Problem of Induction

💡 Hume argued that inductive reasoning relies on custom and habit rather than pure logical necessity.

✅ Answer: Superficial illusions and empirical perceptions

💡 The shadows represent sensory illusions that prisoners mistake for absolute reality before discovering truth.

✅ Answer: Original Position behind a Veil of Ignorance

💡 The Veil of Ignorance requires decision-makers to structure society without knowing their own class, gender, or talents.

✅ Answer: The Chinese Room

💡 The Chinese Room demonstrates that syntactic symbol manipulation does not equal semantic comprehension.